Journal is indexed in following databases:
- SCOPUS
- Web of Science Core Collection - Journal Citation Reports
- EBSCOhost
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- TRID Database - Transportation Research Board
- Index Copernicus Journals Master List
- BazTech
- Google Scholar
2023 Journal Impact Factor - 0.7
2023 CiteScore - 1.4
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
Poor Sleep, Anxiety, Depression and Other Occupational Health Risks in Seafaring Population
1 Klaipeda State University of Applied Sciences, Klaipeda, Lithuania
2 Marine Science and Technology Centre, Klaipeda University, Lithuania
2 Marine Science and Technology Centre, Klaipeda University, Lithuania
ABSTRACT: Background: seafaring is an occupation with specific work-related risks, causing increased morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, the research in the area of marine students ?sleep quality and mental health is lacking in Lithuania, as well as other European countries. The aim was to overview scientific findings, related with occupational health risks in a seafaring population and asses the frequency of poor sleep and the relations among poor sleep, anxiety and depression in the sample of maritime students. Methods and contingent. The scientific literature review, based on PubMed sources analysis, related to occupational health risks in seafaring population, was performed. Questionnaire survey was conducted in 2014 at The Lithuanian Maritime Academy, 393 (78.9 % of them males) students participated. Sleep quality was evaluated by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Anxiety and depression were assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Sociodemographic questions were used. The Chi-square test r Fisher exact test was used to estimate association between categorical variables. P- Values less than 0.05 were interpreted as statistically significant. Results. Scientific literature review indicate that highly stressful and exhausting working conditions on ships can lead to depression, insomnia, various types of cancer, cardiovascular, communicable, blood-born and sexually transmitted diseases. Poor sleep was found in 45.0 % of the students. Mild depression was established in 6.9 %, moderate in 2.3 %, Severe in 0.8 % of the students. Mild anxiety was found in 19.1 %, moderate in 14.8 % and Severe in 7.9 % of the students. Depression (score ?8) was significantly more frequent among third (fourth) year students (22.2 %) with poor sleep, as compared to the students demonstrating good sleep (2.7 %). Marine engineering programme students whose sleep was poor more often had depression (22.0 %), as compared to the students whose sleep was good (5.7 %). Conclusions. Seafarers have higher hospitalization and mortality rates than age-matched peers, due to exposure to unique occupational health risk factors. Maritime students had poor sleep more than anxiety or depression. Anxiety and depression were more common among the students demonstrating poor sleep rather than good sleep. Key words: Maritime students, Sleep quality, Anxiety, Depression, Occupational health.
KEYWORDS: Seafarers, Poor Sleep, Hospital Anxiety, Depression, Occupational Health Risks, Health Risks, Seafaring Population, Occupational Health
REFERENCES
Allen, P., Wallens, B., Smith, A. (2010). Fatigue in British fishermen. International Maritime Health, 61:154-158.
Andersen, A., Barlow, L., Engeland, A. (1999). Work-related cancer in the Nordic countries. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health, 25(2):6-12.
Angelone AM, Mattei A, Sbarbati M, Di Orio F. Prevalence and correlates for self-reported sleep problems among nursing students. J Prev Med Hyg. 2011;52(4):201-8.
Buff, AM., Deshpande, SJ., Harrington, TA. (2008). Investigation of mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission aboard U.S.S. Ronald Reagan 2006. Military Medicine, 173:588-593.
Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): A new instrument for psychiatric research and practice. Psychiatry Research. 1989;28(2):193-213.
Bridger, RS., Bennett, AI. (2011). Age and BMI interact to determine work ability in seafarers. Occupational Medicine, 61:157-162.
Brotherton, JML., Delpech, VC., Gilbert, GL., Hatzi, S., Paraskevopoulos, PD., Mcanulty, JM. (2003). A large outbreak of influenza A and B on a cruise ship causing widespread morbidity. Epidemiology and Infection, 130:263-271.
Carney CE, Edinger JD, Meyer B, Lindman L, Istre T. Daily activities and sleep quality in college students. Chronobiol Int. 2006;23(3):623-37.
Crossland, P., Evans, MJ., Grist, D., Lowten, M., Jones, H., Bridger, RS. (2007). Motion-induced interruptions aboard ship: model development and application to ship design. Occupational Ergonomics, 7:183-189.
Forsell, K., Hageberg, S., Nilsson, R. (2007). Lung cancer and mesothelioma among engine room crew – case reports with risk assessment of previous and ongoing exposure to carcinogens. International Maritime Health, 58(1-4):5-13.
Hansen, HL., Dahl, S., Bartelsen, B. (1994). Lifestyle, nutritional status and working conditions of Danish sailors. Travel Medicine International, 12:139-143.
Hansen, JH., Holmen, IM. (2011). Sleep disturbances among offshore fleet workers: a questionnaire-based survey. International Maritime Health, 62(2):123-130.
Hansen, HL., Nielsen, D., Frydenberg, M. (2002). Occupational accidents aboard merchant ships. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59:85-91.
Hansen, HL., Pedersen, G. (2001). Poisoning at sea: injuries caused by chemicals aboard Danish merchant ships 1988-1996. Journal of Clinical Toxicology, 39:21-26.
Hansen, HL., Tuchsen, F., Hannerz, H. (2005). Hospitalizations among seafarers on mechant ships. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62:145-150.
Hinz A, Krauss O, Hauss JP. Anxiety and depression in cancer patients compared with the general population. Eur J Cancer Care. 2010;19:522–529.
Hystad, SW., Saus ER., Sætrevik, B., Eid, J. (2013). Fatigue in seafarers working in the offshore oil and gas re-supply industry: effects of safety climate, psychosocial work environment and shift arrangement. International Maritime Health, 64; 2:72-79.
IMHA. International Maritime Health Association. Newsletter, January 2012; 14.
Jaremin, B., Kotulak, E. (2003). Myocardial infarction (MI) at the work-site among Polish seafarers. The risk and the impact of occupational factors. International Maritime Health, 54(1-4):26-39.
Jensen, OC., Sørensen, JFL., Canals, ML., Hu, YP., Nikolic, N., Bloor, M. (2005). Subjective assessments of safety, exposure to chemicals and use of personal protection equipment in seafaring. Occupational Medicine, 55: 454-458.
Jeżewska M, Iversen R. Stress and fatigue at sea versus quality of life. Int Marit Health 2012;63:106–115.
Jezewska M, Iversen RTB, Leszczyńska I. MENHOB — Mental Health on Board. 12th International Symposium on Maritime Health. Brest, France, June 6, 2013. Report of the MENHOB working group, workshop on mental health on board. Int Marit Health. 2013;64, 3:168–174.
Jeźewska, M., Leszczyńska, I., Grubman-Nowak, M. (2013). Personality and temperamental features vs. Quality of life of Polish seafarers. International Maritime Health, 64; 2:101-105.
Jezewska M, Leszczyńska I, Jaremin B. Work-related stress at sea self-estimation by maritime students and officers. Int Marit Health. 2006;57(1-4):66-75.
Jeźewska, M., Leszczyńska, I., Jaremin, B. (2006). Work-related stress at sea self-estimation by maritime students and officers. International Maritime Health, 57(1-4):66-75.
Jianguang, J., Hemminki, K. (2005). Occurences of leukemia subtypes by socioeconomic and occupational groups in Sweden. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 47:785-795.
Kaerlev, L., Hansen, J., Hansen, HL., Nielsen, PS. (2005). Cancer incidence among Danish seafarers: a population-based cohort study. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62:761-765.
Kaerlev, L., Jensen, A., Nielsen, PS., Olsen, J., Hannerz, H., Tuchsen, F. (2008). Hospital contacts for noise-related hearing loss among Danish seafarers and fishermen: A population-based cohort study. Noise and Health, 10; 39:41-45.
Kaerlev, L., Jensen, A., Nielsen, PS., Olsen, J., Hannerz, H., Tuchsen, F. (2008). Hospital contacts for injuries and musculoskeletal diseases among seamen and fishermen: A population-based cohort study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 9; 811-817.
Kirkutis, A., Norkiene, S., Griciene, P., Gricius J., Yang, S., Gintautas, J. (2004). Prevalence of hypertension in Lithuanian mariners. Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society, 47:71-75.
Kloss JD, Nash CO, Horsey SE, Taylor DJ. The delivery of behavioral sleep medicine to college students. J Adolesc Health. 2011;48(6):553-61.
Lund HG, Reider BD, Whiting AB, Prichard JR. Sleep patterns and predictors of disturbed sleep in a large population of college students. J Adolesc Health. 2010;46(2):124-32.
MacLachlan, M., Kavanagh, B., Kay, A. (2012). Maritime health: a review with suggestions for research. International Maritime Health, 63(1):1-6.
Mitruka, K., Felsen, CB., Tomianovic, D., Inman, B., Street, K., Yambor, P., Reef, SF.(2012). Measles, rubella, and varicella among the crew of a cruise ship sailing from Florida, United States, 2006. Journal of Travel Medicine, 2012, 19(4):233-237.
Nikolic, N., Poljak, I., Troselj-Vukic, B. (2000). Malaria, a travel health problem in the maritime community. Journal of Travel Medicine, 7:309-313.
Oldenburg, M., Baur, X., Schlaich, C. (2010). Cardiovascular diseases in modern maritime industry. International Maritime Health, 62(3):101-106.
Oldenburg, M., Baur, X., Schlaich, C. (2010). Occupational risks and challenges of seafaring. Journal of Occupational Health, 52:249-256.
Rachiotis, G., Mouchtouri, VA., Schlaich, C., Riemer, T., Martinez, CV., Nichols, G., Bartlett, CLR., Kremastinou, J., Hadjichristodoulou, C. (2010). Occupational health legislation and practices related to safarers on passenger ships focused on communicable diseases: results from a European cross-sectional study (EU SHIPSAN PROJECT). Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 5:1-5.
Roberts, SE., Jaremin, B., Chalasani, P., Rodgers, SE. (2010). Suicides among seafarers in UK merchant shipping, 1919-2005. Occupational Medicine, 60:54-61.
Roberts, SE., Marlow, PB. (2005). Traumatic work related mortality among seafarers employed in British merchant shipping, 1976-2002. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62:172-180.
Roberts, SE:, Hansen, HL. (2002). An analysis of the causes of mortality among seafarers in the British merchant fleet (1986-1995) and recommendations for their reduction. Occupational medicine (London), 52(4):195-202.
Saarni, H., Pentti, J., Pukkala, E. (2002). Cancer at sea: a case-control study among male Finnish seafarers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59:613-619.
Sąlyga. J., Kušleikaitė, M. (2011). Factors influencing psychoemotional strain and fatigue, and relationship of these factors with health complaints at sea among Lithuanian seafarers. Medicina (Kaunas), 47(12):675-681.
Sandal, GM., Leon, GR., Palinkas, L. (2006). Human challenges in polar and space environments. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology, 5:281-296.
Scerbaviciene, R., Pilipavicius, R. (2009). Malaria among seamen in Klaipeda in 1999-2008. International Maritime Health, 60(1-2):29-32.
Singleton RA Jr, Wolfson AR. Alcohol consumption, sleep, and academic performance among college students. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009;70(3):355-63.
Sexton-Radek K, Hartley A. College residential sleep environment. Psychol Rep. 2013;113(3):903-7.
Tomaszunas, S. (2002). Globalization and health: international collaboration in health protection of seafarers. International Maritime Health, 53:139-147.
Van Dongen HPA, Maislin G, Mullington JM, Dinges DF. The cumulative cost of additional wakefulness: dose-response effects on neurobehavioral functions and sleep physiology from chronic sleep restriction and total sleep deprivation. Sleep. 2003;26:117-26.
Veldi M, Aluoja A, Vasar V. Sleep quality and more common sleep-related problems in medical students. Sleep Med. 2005;6(3):269-75.
Wadsworth, EJK., Allen, PH., McNamara RL., Smith, P. (2008). Fatigue and health in seafaring population. Occupational Medicine, 58:198-204.
WHO, 2013, http://www.who.int/ith/mode_of_travel/ communicable_diseases/en/index.html
Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983; 67:361-370.
Citation note:
Andruškienė J., Barsevičienė S., Varoneckas G.: Poor Sleep, Anxiety, Depression and Other Occupational Health Risks in Seafaring Population. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 10, No. 1, doi:10.12716/1001.10.01.01, pp. 19-26, 2016
Other publications of authors:
File downloaded 1526 times
