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2023 Journal Impact Factor - 0.7
2023 CiteScore - 1.4
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
How Does Maritime Situation Awareness Depend on Navigation Automation and Mental Workload? A Sea Simulator Experiment
G. Müller-Plath 1
, J. Lehleitner 1
, J. Maier 1
, J. Silva-Löbling 1
, H. Zhang 1
, X. Zhang 1
, S. Zhou 1
, J. Lehleitner 1
, J. Maier 1
, J. Silva-Löbling 1
, H. Zhang 1
, X. Zhang 1
, S. Zhou 1
1 Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
ABSTRACT: A good situation awareness (SA) of the navigator is essential for the safety of the ship, especially in coastal areas. In this study, the Unity 3D engine was used to simulate the navigation of a coastal trading vessel along predefined routes in the Baltic Sea. The SA of the helmsman, who was either Chinese or European, was assessed several times with the SAGAT test (Endsley, 1995b, 20-21) and compared between low and high workload conditions and between manual and autopilot navigation. High workload and automated navigation both reduced SA significantly and in an additive manner. No difference was found between Chinese and European participants. In contrast to previous accident analyses of SA, we found that SA level 3 (projection of future states) was most strongly affected by both factors, while SA levels 1 (perception of relevant information) and 2 (comprehension of the current situation) suffered to a lesser extent. Further research is needed to establish specific relationships between types of automation on ships, types of workload, and SA problems in order to design countermeasures.
KEYWORDS: Mental Workload (MWL), Autopilot, Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT), Situation Awareness (SA), Simulation Experiment, Autoroute Navigation, Ironies of Automation, Maritime Human Factors
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Citation note:
Müller-Plath G., Lehleitner J., Maier J., Silva-Löbling J., Zhang H., Zhang X., Zhou S.: How Does Maritime Situation Awareness Depend on Navigation Automation and Mental Workload? A Sea Simulator Experiment. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 17, No. 4, doi:10.12716/1001.17.04.23, pp. 963-969, 2023
Authors in other databases:
6507350915
av6HAcMAAAAJJohannes Lehleitner:
Julian Maier:
Jannes Silva-Löbling:
Hao Zhang:
XiaoXiao Zhang:
Shiqing Zhou:
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