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2023 Journal Impact Factor - 0.7
2023 CiteScore - 1.4
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
Navigational Safety in SPM (Single Mooring Point) Regions
1 Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
ABSTRACT: For oil and gas transportation in some places used SPM (Single mooring point) system, this is located in the open sea and very often not so far away from the shore. Differences between the wind loads, waves and current forces can take a place. More complicate conditions can be in case if FSU is still in ballast and more influence has wind and waves as current and in the same time tanker in loaded position is more influenced by the current. Navigational safety ensure in SPM regions requests deep theoretical studies and very clear understanding of forces and moments, which influence on all the system (SPM, FSU, Tanker, tugs), practical implementation of proper equipment and use of correct methods of navigational safety. In this article there is made analysis of possible failures and necessary actions to ensure navigational safety in SPM regions.
KEYWORDS: Safety at Sea, Navigational Safety, Single Mooring Point (SMP), Oil Transportation, Gas Transportation, Floating Storage Unit (FSU), SPM Region, Manoeuvring
REFERENCES
BS 6349-1: 2000 – British Standard Maritime Structures – Part 1: Code of Practice for General Criteria (British Standard Institution, July 2003)
EAU 2004 : Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures – Harbours and Waterways (Ernst & Sohn, 2006)
Paulauskas V. 1994. Ship’s steering. Klaipeda university publish house, Klaipeda, 164 p.
Paulauskas V.1999. Ship’s steering in complicate conditions. Klaipeda university publish house, Klaipeda, 184 p.
Paulauskas V. 2004. Port terminals planning. Klaipeda university publish house, 382 p.
SimFlex Navigator Simulator, 2006. Force Technology, Denmark.
SPM accidents investigation results, 2007, (Butinge terminal
Citation note:
Paulauskas V.: Navigational Safety in SPM (Single Mooring Point) Regions. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 101-104, 2009
Other publications of authors:
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