Interaction of Harsh Weather Operation and Collision Avoidance in Autonomous Navigation

ABSTRACT: Taking into account the autonomous navigation system design and today?s state of the art navigation with regards to weather and collision avoidance this paper presents the architecture of the integrated approach, its links to existing rules and regulations and the test scenarios. These demonstrate how safe and efficient navigation of autonomous vessels can be achieved by showing the module's interaction and validating the feasibility of the approach. These analyses will be based on historical traffic data sets as well as simulation results.

KEYWORDS: Safety of Navigation, Colregs, Weather Routing, Collision Avoidance, Autonomous Navigation, Harsh Weather Operation, Maritime Unmanned Navigation, Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks (MUNIN)

REFERENCES

Arendt, F. et al. 2010. Shipping statistics yearbook 2010: Shipping market, shipbuilding, ports and sea canals. Bremen, ISL

Benedict K., Kirchhoff M., Gluch M., Fischer S., Schaub M., Baldauf M., Klaes S.: Simulation Augmented Manoeuvring Design and Monitoring - a New Method for Advanced Ship Handling. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 8, No. 1, doi:10.12716/1001.08.01.15, pp. 131-141, 2014

Berking, B. Huth, W. (eds) 2010. Handbuch Nautik. Navigatorische Schiffsführung. Hamburg: DVV Media Group

Bott A. 2012. Synoptische Meteorologie. Methoden der Wetteranalyse und –prognose. Heidelberg/Dordrecht/London/New York: Springer

Brown, A.J. 2002. Collision scenarios and probabilistic collision damage. In Marine Structures Volume 15: 335-364.

Bruhn, W.-C. (ed.) 2013. MUNIN Deliverable D5.2:Process Map for autonomous Navigation (Available from MUNIN project on request).

Bruhn, W.-C. Burmeister, H.C. Long, M.T. Moræus, J.A. 2014. Conducting look-out on an unmanned vessel: Introduction to the advanced sensor module for MUNIN’s autonomous dry bulk carrier. In Proceedings of International Symposium Information on Ships—ISIS 2014: 04-05.

BSH 2011. INT 1 Symbols, Abbreviations, Terms used on Charts. Hamburg/Rostock: Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie.

BSU 2013. Annual Report 2013 (Online) Available: http://www.bsu-bund.de/SharedDocs/pdf/DE/Jahresstatistik/Jahresbericht_2013.pdf?__blob=publicationFile [Accessed 13.01.2015]

Burmeister, H.-C. Bruhn, W.C 2014a. Designing an autonomous collision avoidance controller respecting COLREG S. In Ehlers, B.E. Asbjørnslett, Ø.J. Rødseth, T.E. Berg (eds), Maritime-Port Technology and Development 2015: 83-88, London: Taylor & Francis Group.

Burmeister, H.C. Bruhn, W.C. Rødseth, T.E. Porathe, T. 2014b. Autonomous Unmanned Merchant Vessel and its Contribution towards the e-Navigation Implementation: The MUNIN Perspective. In International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Economy Volume 1: 01-13.

Cockcroft, A.N. Lameijer, J.N.F. 2012. A Guide to the Collision Avoidance Rules International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (Seventh Edition). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann

Hetherington, C. Flin, R. Mearns, K. 2006. Safety in shipping: The human element. In Journal of Safety Research Volume 37: 401-411.

IMO 1972. Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG)

IMO 1998. Resolution MSC.74(69) Annex2. Adoption of new and amended performance standards for track control systems. London: International Maritime Organization

IMO 2007a. Resolution MSC.252(83). Adoption of the revised performance standards for integrated navigation systems (INS). London: International Maritime Organization

IMO 2007b. SOLAS - Chapter V - Safety of Navigation - Regulation 34 – Safe Navigation and Avoidance of dangerous situations. London: International Maritime Organization

IMO 2007c. MSC.1/Circ.1228 Revised Guidance to the Master for avoiding dangerous situations in adverse weather and sea conditions. London: International Maritime Organization

Kreutzmann A., Wolter D., Dylla F., Lee J.H.: Towards Safe Navigation by Formalizing Navigation Rules. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 7, No. 2, doi:10.12716/1001.07.02.01, pp. 161-168, 2013

Krüger, C.-M. (ed.) 2014. MUNIN Deliverable D.8.1: Test environment set-up description (Available from MUNIN project on request).

Liu, Y. Du, X. Yang, S. 2006. The Design of a Fuzzy-Neural Network for Ship Collision Avoidance. In Advances in Machine Learning and Cybernetics Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 3930: 804-812. Berlin/ Heidelberg: Springer

Mandryk, W. 2011. Marine Casualty Profiles. (Online) Available: www.imsf.info/documents/2011/Wally%20Mandryk %20-%20Lloyds%20List%20Intelligence%20-%20

Shipping%20Casualty%20Profiles.pdf . [Accessed 12.01.2015].

Oxford Dictionaries 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/navigation. [Accessed 14.10.2014].

Parasuraman, R. Sheridan, T.B. Wickens, C.D. 2000. A Model for Types and Levels of Human Interaction with Automation. In IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans Volume 30(3): 286 - 297

Perera, L.P. Carvalho, J.P. Guedes Soares, C. 2009. Autonomous guidance and navigation based on the COLREGs Rules and regulations of collision avoidance. In Guedes Soares C. & Parunov J. (eds), Proc. Of the International Workshop “Adavanced Ship Design for Pollution Prevention”: 205-216. London: Taylor & Francis Group

Pike, K. et al. 2013. 15 Years of Shipping Accidents: A review for WWF. Southampton: Southampton Solent University

Rødseth, Ø.J. Burmeister, H.-C. 2012. Developments toward the unmanned ship, In Proceedings of International Symposium Information on Ships – ISIS 201. Hamburg, Germany, August 30-31, 2012.

Rødseth, Ø.J. Kvamstad, B. Porathe, T. Burmeister, H.-C. 2013. Communication Architecture for an Unmanned Merchant Ship. OCEANS - Bergen, 2013 MTS/IEEE. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS-Bergen.2013.6608075. [Accessed 07.2014].

Rothblum, A.M. (n.d.). Human Error and Marine Safety. USCG. http://www.bowles-langley.com/wp-content/files_mf/humanerrorandmarinesafety26.pdf .[Accessed 28.02.2013].

Sanquist, T. F. 1992. Human Factors in Maritime Applications: A New Opportunity for Multi-Modal Transportation Research. In Proceedings of the Human Factors 36th Annual Meeting-1992: 1123-1127. Sage Publications.

Sheridan, T.B. 2011. Adaptive Automation, Level of Automation, Allocation Authority, Supervisory Control, and Adaptive Control: Distinctions and Modes of Adaptation. In IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans Volume 41(4): 662 – 667.

Walther, L. Burmeister, H.-C. Bruhn, W. 2014. Safe and efficient autonomous navigation with regards to weather. In Bertram V. (ed.), 13th International Conference on Computer and IT-Applications in the Maritime Industries Redworth, 12-14 May 2014: 303-317. Hamburg: Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg.

Xue, Y. Lee, B.S. Han, D. 2008. Automatic collision avoidance of ships. In Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment Volume 223(1): 33-46.

Zeng, X. Masanori, I. Shimizu, E. 2000. Collision Avoidance of Moving Obstacles for Ship with Genetic Algorithm. In 6th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control: 513-518.

Citation note:

Burmeister H.C., Bruhn W., Walther L.: Interaction of Harsh Weather Operation and Collision Avoidance in Autonomous Navigation. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 9, No. 1, doi:10.12716/1001.09.01.04, pp. 31-40, 2015

BibTeX EndNote