Functionality of Sea Ice Data Sources on the NSR

ABSTRACT: The functionality of available official sources of sea ice data for the Northern Sea Route to date is low. In recent years a large number of new publicly available sources have appeared. Their functionality for purposes of route planning has yet to be evaluated. This study presents results of qualitative and expert analyses of various sources. It is proposed to use new indicators to enable comparison of functionality of data sources. New sources provide the technical progress that is instrumental in reducing the amount of effort and influence of the human factor in the decision-making system. The study also presents solutions to the problem of limited bandwidth available at high latitudes with Iridium satellite system. Presented solutions can be used on any vessel by any company or navigator to implement or design the decision support system related to route planning in ice in accordance with the requirements of the ISM Code and concept of e-Navigation.

KEYWORDS: e-Navigation, Ice Navigation, Arctic Area, Sea Ice Data Source, ISM Code, Ice Certificate, Northern Sea Route (NSR), Iridium Satellite System

REFERENCES

IMO (2011). Development of a mandatory code for ships operating in polar waters, The ice certificate concept. IMO, DE 55/12/11, 14 January 2011: 6 p.

IMO (2008). Draft strategy for the development and implementation of e-navigation. IMO Resolution A. 989(25), NAV 54/25 Annex 12: 14 p.

Hołodnik-Janczura G. (2007). Examining the quality of informatics product using valuation method, Operations Research and Decisions, No 2/2007: 55-69.

Jurdzinski M., Pastusiak T. (2009). E-navigation as a process of modelling of safety of navigation, Economic (in polish), social and legal challenges of maritime state in the European Union, Srodkowopomorska Rada NOT, Koszalin: 85-93.

Kagan B.A., Romanenkov D.A., Sofina E.V. (2007). Simulation of tidal ice drift and ice-generated changes in the tidal dynamics on the Siberian continental shelf (in Russian). Izvestiya of Academy of Sciences, Russia. Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Vol. 43, Nо 6: 831-850.

Khvochtchinski N.I., Batskikh Y.I. (1998). The Northern Sea Route as an element of the ICZM system in the Arctic: problems and perspectives. Ocean & Coastal Management, 41: 161-173.

Legen’kov A.R. (1988). Shifts and tidal deformation of drifting ice, Gidrometeoizdat: 104.

Mironov E.U. (editor), Kljackin S.V., Gudkovič Z.M., May R.I., Frolov S.V. (2010). Dangerous ice phenomena for shipping in the Arctic (in Russian). AANII, St. Petersburg: 320 p.

Pastusiak T.: Ship's Navigational Safety in the Arctic Unsurveyed Regions. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 209-214, 2012

Patraiko D.J. (2008). e-Navigation, Digital Ship, Posidonia, July 2008: 26 p.

Proshutinsky A. Yu. (1993). The Arctic Ocean level oscillations (in Russian). Gidrometeoizdat, St. Petersburg: 216 p.

Ryvlin A.Ya., Chejsin D.E. (1980). Tests of vessels in ice (in Russian). Sudostroenie, Leningrad: 208 p.

Timco G.W., Gorman B., Falkingham J., O’Connell B. (2005). Scoping Study: Ice Information Requirements for Marine Transportation of Natural Gas from the High Arctic. Technical Report CHC-TR-029, Canadian Hydraulics Centre, Ottawa: 124 p.

Citation note:

Pastusiak T.: Functionality of Sea Ice Data Sources on the NSR. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 10, No. 3, doi:10.12716/1001.10.03.09, pp. 441-450, 2016

BibTeX EndNote

Authors in other databases:

Tadeusz Pastusiak: ORCID iD icon

orcid.org/0000-0001-8789-6281 Scopus icon

54794459900