Journal is indexed in following databases:
- SCOPUS
- Web of Science Core Collection - Journal Citation Reports
- EBSCOhost
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- TRID Database - Transportation Research Board
- Index Copernicus Journals Master List
- BazTech
- Google Scholar
2023 Journal Impact Factor - 0.7
2023 CiteScore - 1.4
ISSN 2083-6473
ISSN 2083-6481 (electronic version)
Editor-in-Chief
Associate Editor
Prof. Tomasz Neumann
Published by
TransNav, Faculty of Navigation
Gdynia Maritime University
3, John Paul II Avenue
81-345 Gdynia, POLAND
e-mail transnav@umg.edu.pl
Enhancing of Carriers' Liabilities in the Rotterdam Rules - Too Expensive Costs for Navigational Safety?
1 City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon City, Hong Kong
ABSTRACT: The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea (the ?Rotterdam Rules?) was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 11 December 2008. The Rotterdam Rules contain two oft-criticised changes from the existing regime governing international carriage of goods widely adopted among maritime nations, namely the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to Bills of Lading, Brussels, 25 August 1924 (the ?Hague Rules?) and its subsequent Protocol in 1968 (the ?Visby Protocol? or the ?Hague-Visby Rules?). These changes are, namely, an extension of the carrier?s obligations to maintain seaworthy vessel throughout the voyage (Article 14) and a deletion of an exclusion of carrier?s liabilities due to negligent navigation (Article 17). This paper addresses implications of these changes and assess whether ship-owners and ship-operators can comply with these without having to incur excessive additional expenses.
KEYWORDS: Sea Transportation, Navigational Safety, Maritime Policy, Rotterdam Rules, Bill of Lading, International Carriage of Goods, Visby Protocol, Hague-Visby Rules
REFERENCES
Bachxevanis, Konstatinos. 2010 ‘Crew Negligence’ and ‘Crew Incompetence’: their distinction and its consequence Journal of International Maritime Law 16:102-131.
Baughen, Simon, 2012. Shipping Law Oxford: Routledge
Comite Maritime International, ‘CMI Yearbook 2010’
Frederick, David C.1991 Political Participation and Legal Reform in the International Maritime Rulemaking Process: From the Hague Rules to the Hamburg Rules Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce 22:81-117.
Girvin, Stephen, 2007. Carriage of Goods by Sea. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nikaki, Theodora. 2010 The Carrier’s Duties under the Rotterdam Rules: Better the Devil You Know? Tulane Maritime Law Journal 35: 1-44.
Nikaki, Theodora, and Soyer, Baris. 2012 A New International Regime for Carriage of Goods by Sea: Contemporary, Certain, Inclusive AND Efficient, or Just Another One for the Shelves? Berkeley Journal of International Law 30:303-348.
Sweeney, Joseph C. 1991 UNCITRAL and The Hamburg Rules – The Risk Allocation Problem in Maritime Transport of Goods Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce 22:511-538.
Tetley, William. 2008 Marine Cargo Claims Volume 1. Quebec: Les Editions Yvon Blais Inc.
Ülgener, Fehmi M., ‘Obligations and Liabilities of the Carrier’ in Güner-Özbeck, M.D. (ed.) 2011. The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea: An Appraisal of the Rotterdam Rules. Berlin and New York: Springer.
United Nations Treaties Collection
Weitz, Leslie Tomasello. 1997-1998 The Nautical Fault Debate (the Hamburg Rules, the U.S COGSA 95, the STCW 95, and the ISM Code) Tulane Maritime Law Journal 22:581-594.
Wilson, John F. 2010 Carriage of Goods by Sea. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
Yiannopoulos, Athanassios N. 1957-1958 Conflicts Problems in International Bill of Lading: Validity of Negligence Clauses Louisiana Law Review 18:608-627.
Citation note:
Sooksripaisarnkit P.: Enhancing of Carriers' Liabilities in the Rotterdam Rules - Too Expensive Costs for Navigational Safety?. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 8, No. 2, doi:10.12716/1001.08.02.17, pp. 309-315, 2014
File downloaded 2503 times
