International Journal
on Marine Navigation
and Safety of Sea Transportation
Volume 4
Number 2
June 2010
143
1 INTRODUCTION
Serious difficulties exist solving many questions of
the theory of the telecommunicational movement
analytic methods. The way of behaviour can be the
signal one of examples of such problem in the
broadcasting track. Presented questions can real sys-
tem, his physical or simulating paternal be solved by
the observation. He complies first method only in
the limited range because of high costs. He often al-
so wants to become acquainted the motive proprie-
ties of the system being just in the bevel of project-
ing. You should understand the techniques of
solving the problems consisting in the observation
during changes drawing ahead in the dynamic pater-
nal of the system by the simulation.
The creation of paternal brings in many ad-
vantages for the explorer of the system (Filipowicz
1996):
− checking the theoretical courts about system, ac-
complishment on the model of empirical observa-
tions and extraction from these actions of logical
conclusions makes possible,
− the understanding of the system facilitates,
− he makes possible the opinion of the meaning of
the details of the system and the relationships of
boundary strip them,
− the realization of the analysis accelerates,
− he makes up the basis of the opinion of the advis-
ability of the modification of the system,
− it is more easily before to manipulate than the
system,
− the model is, in the general case, expensive the
than system less.
2 SYSTEM DECT FOR SETS PARAMETERS
In the aim of designing the system of DECT for
trans-shipping terminal, you should execute the suit-
able measurements of the field and the conditions of
the propagation of waves on him and work out on
their basis the project of the distribution of the sta-
tion base RFP so that where the ranges of these sta-
tions cover the whole terrain the system DETC has
to function (Jackowski 2005). The result of this
working was introduced on Figure 2.2. Red dots
mark points, where you should place base stations so
that they their range cover the whole terrain. For
considered earlier parameters and it was affirmed for
the given configuration of objects that you should
use 16 base stations. The number of the station
probably underwent the change after executing spe-
cialist measurements. The ideological pattern of the
proposed system was introduced on Figure 2.1.
Public
Net
Trans -Shipping
Terminal
Central
Station
RFP
RFP
RFP
RFP
RFP
RFP
RFP
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
PP
RWD
RWD
RWD
RWD
RWD
RWD
RWD
Figure 2.1. The scheme of the system of DECT (own study)
The Transmission of the Information of the
System of Telecommunicational Dect in the
Trans-Shipping Terminal
A. Kusminska-Fijalkowska & Z. Lukasik
Technical University of Radom, Radom, Poland
ABSTRACT: Introduce the concrete project of the distribution of base stations in the article
and propose the architecture of the system DECT of the trans-shipping terminal. The simulation of the sys-
tem of DECT which was limited only to the broadcasting track from the transmitter to receiver set was real-
ized he walks about examining the quality of the radio broadcast between the base station, and the station
movable. It was accepted as the criterion of the quality the bit error ratio (BER) during the of sending given
broadcasts.
Figure. 2.2 . The plan of the distribution of base stations and their radio ranges in the trans-shipping terminal (Kuśmińska- Fi-
jałkowska 2008)
It is the most suitable system to put earlier pa-
rameters the multicellular system of the contact ra-
dio Hicom cordless E. The system integrated of
wireless contact co-operating with central stations
ISDN Hicom 300 E and Hicom 300. The architec-
ture of the system and digital broadcast leaning on
the standard of DECT guarantee the free contact in
buildings and their surroundings. Stations base RFP
are added for the help of digital interfaces to inte-
grated with central station modules. He possible is
thanks to this projects and carries out the installation
of the system of the radio, optimum contact under in
relation to costs, area of range and users (PP) num-
ber (Figure 2.4). He assures apparatus Gigaset 3000
(PP) roaming between various systems and lets use
the function of central station Hicom 300 / 300 E.
System will make possible constructs connections
and receiving developments on the whole terrain the
covered radio range.
Figure. 2.3. Base stations P-2302HWUDL-P1
Figure. 2.4. The wireless receiver (PP)
Base stations create radio mobile phones for the
needs of the wireless contact on the area trans-
shipping terminal. They convert the radio signal on
the signals of the interfaces of DECT and WLAN in-
tegrated with central station base ISDN 300/300 E.
They can be reinforced from her or from the external
source of the voltage. The location of base stations is
defined after executing the measurements of the
field and radio conditions and worked out on their
basis of project (Figure 2.2). (Łukasik 2007)
Proposed device (base station) this P-2302
HWUDL-P1 (Figure 2.3), which WLAN is equipped
in the interface Ethernet 10/100 Mbps, working in
the standard 802.11b / g and two the port USB the
enabling facility in the net of the printer or memory
of the mass VIP possesses the integrated gate with
the base station for the receivers of DECT (PP).
145
3 THE SIMULATING MODEL OF THE
SYSTEM BROADCAST SIGNALS OF
DIGITAL
The simulation will be conducted in the programme
Matlab Symulink, he will be realized only for cho-
sen his part. She oneself will base on examining the
quality of the radio broadcast between the base sta-
tion, and the movable station (PP).
The bit error ratio was accepted as the criterion of
the quality during the of sending given broadcasts
(Wesołowski 2003) The simulation will be conduct-
ed for three variants:
1 The movable station is inside the building.
2 The movable station is beyond the building and
moves with the maximum speed even 5 km / h.
3 The movable station is the building outside and
moves with the average speed even 20 km / h.
The pattern of the measuring arrangement of the
bit error ratio (BER) for the chosen part of the sys-
tem was introduced on Figure 3. 1. He will look for
the various variants of the simulation, only parame-
ters of the radio track will change. The effect Dop-
pler will not be taken into account in first case, and
only hums introduced through channel and phenom-
enon multiways of the signal. The phenomenon
Doppler was considered in the next case for the set
speed. These alone phenomena will be considered in
the last case, what in second case with this, that the
phenomenon Doppler will play the significant part.
He is on the entry of the arrangement passed the
random binary draught from the generator Bernoulli.
Probability of the pronouncement 0 and 1 carries
out 0,5.
The draught crosses from the generator to the en-
coder the channel, which complies to improve or,
what the least affirm of the existence of mistakes in
the binary sequence. Informative bits are replenished
about certain quantity of suitably well-chosen addi-
tional bits 2 chosen informative bits beaten these are
the sum the modulo. Algebraical dependences come
into being among bits in the sequence in such way
so that the error of some lets on reproducing the
original sequence been useful from them in this way.
The signal is steered to the modulator GMSK then.
The modulator is the arrangement generates the sig-
nal modulate, whose parameters such as the fre-
quency, amplitude and bevel are the function passed
on his entry of the binary draught. Thanks to what
the signal carrying information binary is placed in
the proper strand of the frequency and has the
shaped spectrum suitably. The radio signal after
passing through the channel grinds in to the receiver
set which consists of these alone blocks what the
transmitter, but every block realizes the opposite
function than in the transmitter. The block „Rician
Fading Channel” was applied for first case of the
simulation in the radio channel. White gaussian
noise adds block this the hum to the entrance signal
and the multiways of the signal takes into account.
One can skip the phenomenon Doppler in the build-
ing.
The small frequency Doppler was considered in
second piece of the simulation in the radio channel.
Simulating arrangement for third case differs from
second these that the maximum shift Doppler carries
out 35 Hz (for the of the station of the movable-cart
jacks even speed 20 km/h), it carried out ap-
prox. 7 Hz in the previous case where.
Figure. 3.1. The pattern of arrangement to the measurement of the bit error ratio (own study)
BER:
Using Hard Decisions
HARD DECISIONS
GMSK DEMODULATOR
GMSK MODULATOR
Double-click on
the block
to open the scope
Viterbi Decoder
In
Rst
Unipolar to
Bipolar
Converter
Ph
Rician
Fading
In
Ph
Complex
Phase Shift
DF FIR
Num
In
Out
Quantizing
Encoder
U
Idx
Q(U)
Gaussian
GMSK
Error Rate
Calculation
Tx
Rx
8
0.000000000000000e+000
In1 Out1
z
-5
Convolutional
Encoder
Re(u)
Bernoulli
Binary
146
Figure 3.2. Dependence BER in the function
b
E
/
0
N
Figure 3.3. Dependence BER in the function of the speed of the movable station
1,00E-08
1,00E-07
1,00E-06
1,00E-05
1,00E-04
1,00E-03
1,00E-02
1,00E-01
1,00E+00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
BER
Eb/N0 [dB]
in the building in the free space by v=0 in the free space by various v from zero
1,00E-08
1,00E-07
1,00E-06
1,00E-05
1,00E-04
1,00E-03
1,00E-02
1,00E-01
1,00E+00
0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 35,0 40,0
v [km/h]
BER
Eb/N0 = 12 dB Eb/N0 = 10 dB
147
3.1 Got results
Changing the values
b
E
/
0
N
was noted down the
value of the bit error ratio. She was different for var-
ious
b
E
/
0
N
. Dependences what were got it was in-
troduced on Figure 3. 2.
The next stage of the simulation is the measure-
ment of the bit error ratio in dependence from the
speed of the mobile station. This was realized chang-
ing the frequency Doppler which answers the value
of the speed near the solid value
b
E
/
0
N
. Enumer-
ated speeds were introduced in Table 3. 1. for the
chosen frequencies Doppler which was used during
the simulation.
Table 3.1. The counted values of the speed for chosen frequen-
cies Doppler
___________________________________________________
Frequencies Doppler Speed
[Hz] [km/h]
___________________________________________________
0 0,0
5 3,1
10 5,7
15 8,5
20 11,4
25 14,2
30 17,1
35 19,9
43 24,4
47 26,5
48 27,5
60 34,1
___________________________________________________
4 CONCLUSIONS
Could was the system of the wireless contact leaning
on this standard design, the hypothetic plan of the
distribution of objects was created on the terrain
trans-shipping terminal. It was considered in the
structure terminal that the system of the exchange of
information (DECT) should function inside objects,
in the free space (the article pt. „Propagation FEM
on areas about the folded architectural structure the
trans-shipping terminal„) and during subscribers
movement mechanical vehicles (Gate Gantry, Sisu).
Wanting approach to the distribution of base stations
on the introduced plan trans-shipping terminal ana-
lyze propagation FEM and qualify the ranges of base
stations inside objects how and on the free space. In-
troduce the concrete project of the distribution of
base stations after qualifying maximum ranges and
propose the architecture of the system of DECT in
the trans-shipping terminal. The aim of the verifica-
tion of the correctness of functioning of the pro-
posed system of DECT, the realized simulation was
introduced in the programme Matlab Symulink.
In first variant of the simulation changing the
values E
b
/ N
0
was noted down the value of the bit er-
ror ratio. She was different for various
b
E
/
0
N
. De-
pendences what were got they are introduced on
Figure 3.2. According to the recommendations of
the standard of DECT the bit error ratio, for
b
E
/
0
N
= 10 dB, he should carry out 10
-5
, and the sill timber
of the receipt finds oneself in BER = 10
-3
(Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska 2008). As one can read
value this from Figure 3.3. for conditions in the
building he carries out approx. 10
-5
and together
with the growth
b
E
/
0
N
diminishes quickly. How-
ever for second case, i.e. on the open space, the val-
ue of the bit error ratio grew up considerably and
carries out for 10 dB 10
-4
. This caused these is, that
the distance of between the transmitter, and he is the
receiver set considerably larger than in buildings
and the worsened quality of the receipt of the data
becomes. Third value of the bit error ratio was in the
variant approx. 10
-3
. Value this in the comparison
from previous he is considerably worse, but he still
is comprises in the foundations of the standard. The
result which was got was caused these, that she was
considered the maximum frequency Doppler, which
as you can see, the quality of the broadcast worsened
considerably. It is also with the phenomenon Dop-
pler connected the maximum speed of movable sta-
tions in the system of DECT.
One can find in the foundations of the standard of
DECT, that the maximum speed of movable stations
should not cross 20 km/h (Jackowski 2005). This
caused these is, that for such fluxation he which of-
fers DECT, shift larger Doppler than 35 Hz cause
that the bit error ratio is not to the party by the
standard and is comprises not in the sill timber of
detection. max the speed of movable stations carries
out 10 km / h in the case terminal. On Figure 3. 3.
was introduced. the dependence of the bit error ratio
in the of the speed of the station movable function.
The simulation was conducted for two values
b
E
/
0
N
= const. In first case the value
b
E
/
0
N
accept
even 12 dB. As one can notice the bit error ratio
even 10
-3
on Figure 3. 3. it was got for the speed car-
rying out almost 25 km/h. He is caused this, that the
relation of energy falling on the single bit to the
spectral thickness of the power of the white hum ad-
ditive he is enough large and can thanks to this get
the larger speed
b
E
/
0
N
= 10 dB was accepted in
case second. As one can notice the bit error ratio is
considerably worse in comparing with the previous
profile for every speed. For BER carrying out 10
-3
,
the speed of the station of movable carries out ap-
prox. 20 km/h. it would be the One from the ways of
the enlargement of the maximum speed e.g. decrease
of the fluxation of the system, like e.g. the enlarge-
ment of
b
E
/
0
N
. However one can not do this, be-
cause standard this was created for the assurance of
the contact inside buildings, and not for movable sta-
tions moving with large speeds.
Results what were received, they could insignifi-
cant changes undergo near the investigation of the
148
real system. This would be caused these that only
several phenomena what had taken into account dur-
ing the simulation they draw ahead in real radio
tracks. The received results of measurements fulfil
the standards of the standard of DECT, he infers
from here that the designed earlier system of the
contact will work according to foundations:
− he will assure the continuous understanding con-
tact on the area of the dislocation terminal;
− he will make possible the realization of the digital
summary contact of the short packets of infor-
mation from the any object being on the terrain
terminal;
− the sharp the tuning two-way socket will assure
with external users both understanding as and in
the figure of short telegrams, from the any exter-
nal system;
− the information will be exchanged in the system
of the contact protected before the access to her
persons unentitled.
System DETC in the trans-shipping terminal will
bring workers full mobility through shortening the
time of the reaction, raise efficiency simultaneously,
reduce costs and enlarging receipts trans-shipping
terminal.
LITERATURE
Filipowicz B.: „Stochastic patternel in operating investiga-
tions”, WNT, Warsaw 1996
Jackowski S.: „Telecommunication”, cz.1, 2. Technical Uni-
versity of Radom 2005
Łukasik Z., Kuśmińska A.: „Intermodal transportation in the
processes of the flow of cargos” stage III, Technical Uni-
versity of Radom 2007
Kuśmińska- Fijałkowska A.: „Modified method of trans-
shipping processes of intermodal Units transports in the
land terminal” Technical University of Radom 2008
Wesołowski K.: „ Radio systems telecommunication of mova-
ble”, WKŁ, Warsaw 2003