164
and the Occupational Safety and Health (OHSAS
18001:2007 that solidifies further the policies on
quality,safety,health,andenvironmental,safetyand
healthconditionsandthecommitmenttoportquality
operations and services for the protection of all
concerned.[17]
TheBatangasport,with150hectares,servesasthe
strategic
trading center for all industries in the
CALABARZON ecozone, especially for goods from
Batangas shipped to ports near Manila. Traffic for
generalcargoandcontainersisconstantlyincreasing.
The development project at the Batangas Port is
completed. Phase I caters to domestic and non‐
containerized foreign vessels, and Phase 2 is
dedicatedtointernationalcontainervessels.[15]
Ontheotherhand,CagayanDeOroport,withits
advantageous location on the Northern Coast of
MindanaowithinMacajalarBay,isdubbedtheglobal
gatewaytoMindanao.Beingadjacenttourbancities,
provinces,andotherregionsofthecountry,theportis
where
passengers and goods enter and exit. It also
links conveyances to countries such as Australia,
China,Vietnam,andtheUnitedStates.[15]
3.5 SMARTNESS
Newtechnologiesandinnovations,such as Artificial
Intelligence, and the Internet of Things, will
streamlinetheflowofinformationandgoods.Devices
will be interconnected and communicate
with each
other. In advanced countries, their shipping
companies have automated their businesses and
processes in their off‐ and onshore operations.
Sophisticated shipping companies have the money
and human resources to operate modern
communication facilities, infrastructures, and
technologies.Someshippingcompanieshaveadopted
blockchain technology, reducing the need for third‐
party certificationand verification oftransactions. In
Philippine Shipping, the documentation could be
more varied. On short‐haul trips,seafarershaveless
time to handle the paperwork. The satellite
connectionsinshipscaneaseadministrativework,as
officersandcrewmemberscancommunicatefarfrom
shore.[11]
In the Philippines, while
a more advanced and
quickerinternetconnectionmay not be possible,the
maritime sectors and relevant agencies can
proactively automate their processes by adopting
appropriate software and hardware systems.
Certification, verification procedures, and other
simple transactions through online systems may be
implemented,whichwillrequiretheirsupportforthe
required
training and education programs for their
personnel.
The Terminal Appointment Booking System
(TABS), introduced in 2015, bolstered the volume‐
handlingcapacityatthePortofManilaʹsinternational
terminals. The Manila International Container
Terminal (MICT) and the Port of Manila South
Harbour improved their turnaround time and
efficiency,increasingtotalcontainer
trafficby21.1%.
The total container traffic in the Philippines rose by
20.5% over the same period, from 5.86m TEUs to
7.06mTEUs.[20][21]
The Philippine Ports Authority in the Port of
Manila South Harbour reported that in 2017, it had
handled587,000TEUs.Incontrast,theMICTand
the
DomesticTerminalofNorthHarbourManilahandled
1.69mTEUsand922,000TEUs,respectively.In2017,
thecargoclearanceprocessatthePortofManilawas
boostedwhenapaperlesssystemwas established.It
led to the removal of 15 transaction windows and,
more importantly, minimized corruption due to
limited in
‐person interaction between the importers
and customs officials, preventing the under‐
evaluation of shipments. In 2017, the Port of Manila
launchedthenewsystemandeventuallybytheentire
portsinthecountry.Theportʹsnewdevelopmentsin
ClarkandSubicBayincreasedthehandlingcapacity
andpromotedthe
countryʹscruiselineindustry.[20]
[21]
In 2015, PPA recordedthatfrom 223.67m tonnes,
cargo throughput rose 11.6% in 2016 to 249.57m
tonnes,a12.6%increaseinforeigncargoesto151.6m
tonnes over the same period. Domestic cargo
shipmentsrosefrom89.05mtonnesto97.96mtonnes,
a 10% increase. The
containerized cargo traffic
reached 6.57m TEUs, compared to 5.86m TEUs in
2015,increasing12%.Theforeigncontainertrafficrose
to3.97mTEUs,a14.1%increase,duringimporttraffic
at2.6mTEUs,a9.3%increase.Inthefirsthalfof2016,
PPA reported that the top container cargo handler
was
MICT,whichhadprocessed1.24mTEUs.Second,
thePortofManilaSouthHarbourwasonthelist,with
584,598 TEUs. On the other hand, Manila North
Harbour handled 696,495 domestic TEUs. In July
2016, the PPA reported that the combined yard
utilization at Manilaʹs international ports inside the
terminals was
roughly 32,600 TEUs (40%). The new
terminal appointment booking system and an
electronic platform for booking the pickup and
delivery of containers at Manilaʹs two international
ports contributed to the yardʹs efficiency. According
to PPA, before the systemʹs installation, the average
dailygatepickupatManilaʹs
portswasbetween4500
and 5000 TEUs; now, it is between 7000 and 7500
TEUsdaily.[20][21]
The future is technology. Technology has
fundamentally altered how logistics are structured.
Thelogisticsindustryisevolving.Consequently,there
is a growing demand to digitalize the information
streams. Digitalization will optimize current
infrastructure,
lowering the demand for additional
infrastructure investment and opening the door to
eliminating unneeded (empty) transportation. Data
analytics and exchange are being used increasingly,
giving ports a new competitive edge. Self‐steering
shipswillbethenorm.Soon,usingsensorswilltake
theplaceoftowing.Similartohowusing
dronesfor
inspection would increase productivity, it may be
learnedthroughonlinetrainingtoenhanceefficiency
accessiblethroughe‐learningandsimulations.[7]
Likewise, additive manufacturing 3D printing
removestheneedforShipping. Somemanufacturers
alreadyuse 3‐D Printing to produce goods closer to
theircustomersand eliminatetheneed
forshipping.
[7] The manufacturers envisioned a zero inventory
goal.Itwilltransformhowships aresuppliedinthe
future – cargo streams will most likely differ: more
shipmentofrawmaterialsrather thanendproducts.