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1 INTRODUCTION

The priority of the maritime transport operation is a

high level of security, which must be constantly

monitored by shipowners with a security

management system. The genesis of the International

Code for the Management of Safe Ship Operations

and Pollution Prevention and the revised guidelines

for the administration of the ISM Code by

administrations goes back to the early 1980s.

Arrangement of safe ship management and operation

and consequent minimization of errors human being

by far the most common cause of marine disasters is

its main. The shipowner's and ship's certification

procedure for the Safety Management System (SMS)

is in line with Regulation (EC) No 336/2006 [1] of the

European Parliament and the Council of Europe of 15

February 2006 on the implementation of the ISM Code

Information Flow in Maritime Safety Management

ystems

M. Graboń

-Chałupczak

WSB University, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland

ABSTRACT: The priority of the maritime transport operation is a high level of security, which must be

constantly monitored by shipowners with a security management system. The origin of the International Code

for the Management of Safe Ship Operations and Pollution Prevention and the revised guidelines for the

administration of the ISM Code by administrations, the first formal mandatory standard for safety management

and pollution prevention goes back to the early 1980s. Arrangement of safe ship management and operation

and consequent minimization of errors human being by far the most common cause of marine disasters is its

main. The shipowner's and ship's certification procedure for the Safety Management System (SMS) is in line

with Regulation (EC) No 336/2006 [1] of the European Parliament and the Council of Europe of 15 February

2006 on the implementation of the ISM Code in the Community, together with the Commission's amendment

European Union of June 16, 2008. The documentation contains a developed Safety Management System

adapted to the conditions of a given shipowner. All elements of the system must be documented, and, above

all, the duties must be described in the organizational structures. Documentation must indicate how

management supervises activities at various levels, employee pa

rticipation and individual management

representatives in individual processes, and how the safety management system is constantly improved. The

shipowner maintains a security management system in line with the requirements of the Code and complies

with the requirements of the certification system.

The amount of information and the speed of changes taking place in the environment makes it necessary to

introduce a system of information management and channels of their flow not only within the organization, but

also in communication with third parties. Proper management of information resources increases the efficiency

and effectiveness of the system. In the publication, the possibility of a formalized description of information

flow in a well-functioning shipowner's safety management system.

http://www.transnav.eu

the

International Journal

on Marine Navigation

and Safety of Sea Transportation

Volume 14

Number 3

September 2020

DOI:

10.12716/1001.14.03.15

638

in the Community, together with the Commission's

amendment European Union of June 16, 2008.

ISM Code is the first in the history of shipping a

formal, mandatory standard of safety management

and pollution prevention. Its creation was aimed at

organizing the principles of safe management and

operation of ships, and thus the total or at least partial

elimination of human errors, which are the most

common cause of maritime disasters. These errors are

prevented by developing and implementing the

safety management system (SMS) in each shipping

company and ships. The shipowner maintains a

security management system in line with the

requirements of the ISM Code and complies with the

requirements of the certification system [2][3].

The amount of information and the speed of

changes taking place in the environment makes it

necessary to introduce a system of information

management and channels of their flow not only

within the organization, but also in communication

with third parties. Proper management of information

resources increases the efficiency and effectiveness of

the system. The publication describes the possibility

of a formalized description of information flow in a

well-functioning shipowner's safety management

system with a comparison of similar identification for

a safety management system operating in railway

transport.

2 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

According to the Regulation (EC) no 336/2006 of the

European Parliament and of the Council of 15

February 2006 on the implementation of the

International Safety Management Code within the

Community and repealing Council Regulation (EC)

No 3051/95, it is required to specify:

1 Safety and environmental protection policy;

2 Company responsibilities and authority;

3 Designated person(s) to provide a link between the

company and those on board;

4 Master's responsibility and authority;

5 Resources and personel;

6 Development of plans for shipboard operations;

7 Emergency preparedness;

8 Reports and analysis of non-conformities,

accidents and hazardous occurrences;

9 Maintenance of the ship and equipment;

10 Documentation of the safety management system

(SZB);

11 Company verification, review and evaluation.

Functional requirements for a SMS are set out in

point 1.4. Regulation (EC) No. 336/2006. According to

them, the documentation should specify at least:

1 A safety and environmental protection policy;

2 Instructions and procedures to ensure safe

operation of ships and protection of the

environment in compliance with relevant

international and flag State legislation;

3 Defined levels of authority and lines of

communication between, and amongst, shore and

shipboard personnel;

4 Procedures for reporting accidents and non-

conformities with the provisions of ISM Code;

5 Procedures to prepare for and respond to

emergency situations;

6 Procedures for internal audits and management

reviews.

The company is responsible for the development,

implementation and maintenance of the SMS [1][5].

According to the definition contained in the

regulation Company’ means the owner of the ship or

any other organisation or person such as the manager

or the bareboat charterer, who has assumed the

responsibility for the operation of the ship from the

shipowner and who on assuming such responsibility

has agreed to take over all the duties and

responsibility imposed by the Code.

The ISM Code applies to the following types of

ships to companies operating them:

− cargo ships and passenger ships, flying the flag of

a Member State, engaged on international voyages;

− cargo ships and passenger ships engaged

exclusively on domestic voyages, regardless of

their flag;

− cargo ships and passenger ships operating to or

from ports of the Member States, on a regular

shipping service, regardless of their flag;

− mobile offshore drilling units operating under the

authority of a Member State.

3 INFORMATION FLOW

In accordance with the requirements of the Regulation

no 336/2006, the shipowner must designate a person

to supervise the SMS, it is a key person in the system.

It is responsible, among other things, for ensuring

communication between the shipowner and the ship's

crew as well as providing information and events to

designated persons. This person is responsible,

among others, for ensuring communication between

the shipowner and the ship's crew as well as

transferring information and events to designated

persons. As part of the functioning of the safety

management system, it is possible to determine the

external and internal information flow channels. The

article presents the possibility of identifying external

information flow channels. An example of the

implementation of such a process in rail transport is

also described.

Rail carriers and infrastructure managers are

required to have a certified safety management

system in accordance with:

− Commission Regulation (EU) No 1158/2010 of 9

December 2010 on a common safety method for

assessing conformity with the requirements for

obtaining railway safety certificates;

− Commission Regulation (EU) No 1169/2010 of 10

December 2010 on a common safety method for

assessing conformity with the requirements for

obtaining a railway safety authorisation;

point O of Annex II requires the establishment of

mechanisms to ensure enough access to information

within the organization and, where appropriate,

information exchange between organizations using

the same infrastructure.

639

Figure 1. The flow of external information for the railway operator [own elaboration based on [8], [9]]

Figure 2. The flow of external information for the Maritime SMS [own elaboration based on [3], [6], [7]]

Figure 1 presents proposals for internal and

external information flow maps for the railway

operator. Important information provided in the legal

requirements is included [8][9].

As part of the external information flow map (Fig.

1), third parties cooperating with the railway operator

were identified, i.e .:

− The Office of Railway Transport;

− The National Railway Accident Investigation

Committee (PKBWK);

− emergency services and public authorities;

− suppliers;

− entities in charge of maintenance - ECM;

− railway operators;

− infrastructure managers;

− users of railway sidings.

The map describes key security information

passed between identified parties along with an

indication of who is the sender and who is the

recipient. This information includes:

− safety improvement program;

640

− changes requiring notification to the President of

UTK;

− an annual safety report;

− annual activity report on the transport of

dangerous goods;

− monthly, quarterly and annual reporting (forms P,

E, TT, PT, PTI, PTM, PTN, TTE);

− information on the implementation of the PKBWK

recommendations;

− notification of the occurrence of a railway accident;

− information on the implementation of

recommendations;

− protocol of the railway commission's findings;

− train driver's statement about providing services

for another entity;

− inspection report;

− post-inspection statement;

− train driver's license issue;

− information on the existence of a risk;

− information on risk;

− common operational risks;

− schedule of drivers' work plans;

− indications and recommendations after the

occurrence of an accident;

− information on the existence of a risk;

− agreement on providing the railway line;

− faults (exclusion) of rolling stock;

− information on maintenance and operation;

− agreement on performing the ECM function;

− classification of suppliers;

− contracts with suppliers.

Similarly, the process of external information flow

can be identified in maritime transport. It will allow

to increase the supervision over the communication

management of the person designated to implement

the processes of the safety management system in

accordance with the ISM Code. Figure 2 presents the

proposal for such identification [4][3][6][7]. Within it,

external entities cooperating with a designated person

were identified, such as:

− Company;

− Maritime administration;

− The National Maritime Accident Investigation

Committee (PKBWM);

− Suppliers;

− National SafeSeaNet;

− Maritime Search and Rescue Service (SAR Service);

− Polski Rejestr Statków S.A (PRS);

− Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) / shore radio station.

4 SUMMARY

Implementation of security objectives is conditioned

by fast access to reliable and up-to-date information

about processes occurring within the safety

management systems. The amount of information and

the speed of changes taking place in the environment

makes it necessary to introduce a system of

information management and channels of their flow

not only within the organization, but also in

communication with third parties. Proper

management of information resources increases the

efficiency and effectiveness of SMS functioning. The

article presents the possibility of a formalized

description of the external information flow in the

Maritime SMS and a similar example from railway

transport.

REFERENCES

[1] Regulation (EC) no 336/2006 of the European Parliament

and of the Council of 15 February 2006 on the

implementation of the International Safety Management

Code within the Community and repealing Council

Regulation (EC) No 3051/95

[2] International Safety Management Code ISM Code and

guidelines on implementation of the ISM Code 2014

Edition, London, IMO London 2014

[3] International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea,

1974, SOLAS consolidated text 2014 plus amendments

IMO.2014.

[4] Gucma L.: Wytyczne do zarządzania ryzykiem morskim.

Wydawnictwo Naukowe Akademii Morskie, Szczecin

2009, ISBN 978-83-89901-42-2 (in Polish)

[5] Mrozowska A.: Implementacja Międzynarodowego

Kodeksu Zarządzania Bezpieczną Eksploatacją Statku i

Zapobieganiem Zanieczyszczeniu, Logistyka 6/2014, str.

960-967

[6] Regulation of the Minister of Infrastructure of June 1,

2011 on inspection and safety documents of a sea-going

ship (Journal of Laws No. 119 item 688, paragraph 18)

[7] The Act of 18 August 2011 on maritime safety

[8] Commission Regulation (EU) No 1158/2010 of 9

December 2010 on a common safety method for

assessing conformity with the requirements for

obtaining railway safety certificates;

[9] Commission Regulation (EU) No 1169/2010 of 10

December 2010 on a common safety method for

assessing conformity with the requirements for

obtaining a railway safety authorisation.